Definisi Derivation, Macam-macamnya dan Disertai Contoh Kalimat dan Latihan Soal
Derivation adalah suatu proses pembentukan kata melalui penambahan affix (imbuhan), yang dapat berupa prefix (awalan) dan atau suffix (akhiran). Kata baru yang dihasilkan akan memiliki arti yang berbeda dari kata dasarnya.Pengertian dan Contoh Prefix
Prefix adalah adalah huruf atau kelompok huruf yang ditempatkan di awal kata atau root (bentuk paling sederhana (base form) dari suatu kata. Kebanyakan prefik dalam Bahasa Inggris berarti tidak.
NEGATIVE
PREFIXES
|
||
PREFIX
|
WORD
|
MEANING
|
dis-
|
disloyal
|
not loyal
|
in-
|
incapable
|
not capable
|
im-
|
impatient
|
not patient
|
ir-
|
irregular
|
not regular
|
mis-
|
misplace
|
not placed correctly
|
non-
|
nonresident
|
not a resident
|
un-
|
unable
|
not able
|
Contoh prefix lainnya
PREFIX
|
EXAMPLE
|
MEANING
|
en--
|
encourage
|
to give courage
|
em--
|
empower
|
to give power
|
extra--
|
extraordinary
|
unusual
|
Inter--
|
interview
|
to see face to face
|
macro--
|
macroeconomy
|
a big economy
|
micro--
|
microeconomy
|
a small economy
|
multi--
|
multimedia
|
many media
|
pre--
|
preschool
|
before elementary
classes
|
re--
|
replay
|
Play again
|
Pengertian dan Contoh Suffix
Suffix adalah suatu huruf atau sekumpulan huruf yang diletakkan pada akhir suatu kata atau root (base form suatu kata), tujuannya adalah untuk mengubah arti dari kata tertentu, hal ini berarti penggunaan suffix akan menciptakan kata baru dengan makna dan arti yang berbeda dari kata dasarnya. Berikut adalah contoh pembentukan kata dengan suffix yang menyebabkan perubahan makna dan fungsi kata.1. Suffix yang membentuk kata benda
suffix
|
example
|
--ary, --aire
|
Secretary, millionaire
|
--an, --ian, --ician
|
Mohammedan, pedestrian, beautician
|
--ance, --ency
|
Distance, absence, importance
|
--ency
|
Currency
|
--dom
|
Wisdom, kingdom, freedom
|
--ee
|
Employee, trainee, testee
|
--er, --ar, --or
|
Teacher, liar, tailor
|
--hood
|
Manhood, childhood
|
--ic, --ics
|
Logic, physics
|
--is
|
Analysis, crises
|
--ism
|
Criticism, racism
|
--ist
|
Artist, industrialist
|
--ion
|
Relation, religion
|
--ment
|
Management, government
|
--ness
|
Hapiness
|
--ship
|
Friendship, leadership
|
--t, --th
|
Height, length, truth
|
--ty
|
activity
|
2. Suffix yang membentuk kata sifat
suffix
|
example
|
--able, --ible
|
Laughable, reasonable, edible
|
--ant, --ent
|
Distant, present
|
--ar, --ous
|
Lunar, luxurious
|
--al
|
Mortal, partial
|
--ern
|
Nothern, southern
|
--esque
|
Picturesque, Arabesque
|
--ful
|
Beautiful
|
--ic
|
Economic, bionic
|
--ior
|
superior
|
--ish
|
Childish
|
--ive
|
Creative, innovative
|
--ly
|
Womanly, friendly
|
--less
|
Childless, helpless
|
--like
|
childlike
|
3. Suffix yang membentuk kata kerja
suffix
|
example
|
--ate
|
communicate
|
--en
|
lengthen, widen
|
--fy
|
beautify, clarify
|
--ed
|
worked, wanted
|
--ing
|
singing, fishing
|
--ize, --yze
|
nationalize, analyze
|
4. Suffix yang membentuk kata keterangan
suffix
|
example
|
--ly
|
Badly, creatively, beautifully
|
--ward
|
Forward, backward
|
Pengertian dan Contoh Infix
Infix adalah sisipan , yaitu suku kata yang disisipkan di tengah-tengah kata.contoh:
- forgetfulness
- cleanliness
- tiredness
WORD FAMILIES
Berikut adalah contoh dari keluarga kata
verb
|
Noun(person)
|
Noun(thing)
|
adjective
|
Adverb
|
apply
|
applicant
|
application
|
Applicative
|
|
compete
|
competitor
|
competitor
|
competitive
|
Competitively
|
criticize
|
critic
|
criticism
|
critical
|
Critically
|
decide
|
decision
|
decisive
|
Decisively
|
|
economize
|
economist
|
economy
|
economical
|
economically
|
finalize
|
finalist
|
finale
|
final
|
Finally
|
mantain
|
maintainer
|
maintenance
|
mantainable
|
|
mechanize
|
mechanic
|
mechanism
|
mechanical
|
Mechanically
|
nationalize
|
nationalist
|
nationalism
|
national
|
Nationally
|
simplify
|
simplification
|
simple
|
simply
|
EXERCISE 1. Choose the word in the bracket to complete the sentence.
1. The police officer will (direction-direct-directly) to a safer route.
2. Two (pollutants-pollution-pollute) that cause acid rain are oxide and sulphur.
3. He fell (sleep, sleepy, asleep) on his pillow as soon as we got on the highway.
4. That story was not very (beliefs, believe, believable) because horse can’t fly.
5. A big wedding requires a lot of (prepare-preparation-preparatory) such as sending invitations and choosing cake.
6. You can read the daily weather (prediction-predict-predictable) in the newspaper.
7. Sally is in love with Herbert and she wants to (marriage-marry-married) him.
8. I have a good (relative –relationship-related) with the president of Indonesia.
9. The (speech- speaker-speak) talked about the news on TV.
10. I will be happy to (assistant-assistance-assist) you with that work.
Jawaban
1. direct
2. pollutants
3. asleep
4. believable
5. preparation
6. prediction
7. marry
8. relationship
9. speaker
10. assist
EXERCISE 2. Choose the correct answer.
1. The …. to speak English helped her to get the job as a secretary in that law firm.
a. able
b. ability
c. unable
d. disabled
Jawaban : B
2. Cruise One is offering a …. Fare for any first-time customers
a. reduce
b. reduces
c. reduction
d. reduced
Jawaban : C
3. … condition couldn’t be asked for a to start construction
a. best
b. better
c. goodly
d. well
Jawaban :
4. She designers have always looked toward Milan for their ….
a. inspired
b. inspirational
c. inspiration
d. inspire
Jawaban : C
5. The city has based it’s ….estimates primarily on the service industry
a. growth
b. grows
c. grew
d. grown
Jawaban : A
6. The account executives were unable to…… on a strategic plan
a. agreement
b. agreed
c. agree
d. agrees
Jawaban : C
7. At Western Airlines, we believe that well-trained pilot are key to our …
a. Success b. succeed
c. Succeeded d. successful
Jawaban : A
8. Customers …. pay full price for software programs, since most software is available through catalogs and discount stores.
a. Rare c. rarity
b. Rarely d. rare
Jawaban : B
9. Applicants will not be considered if they do not meet the minimum …. for the position.
a. requirements
b. requiring
c. requires
d. require
Jawaban : A
10. Three clients have indicated that they wish to exchange their …. telephone systems for more sophisticated ones.
A. presence
B. presented
C. presently
D. present
Jawaban : A
11. Recent …… in the corporation’s income and expenses are discussed in the financial section of the report.
A. modifies
B. modified
C. modifying
D. modifications
Jawaban : D
12. In late June interest rates surged to their …… level eighteen months.
A. high
B. higher
C. highly
D. highest
Jawaban : D
13. Ms. Martinelli is …… pleased with the performance of the sales divisions this quarter.
A. extreme
B. more extreme
C. most extreme
D. extremely
Jawaban : D
14. They stooped along the road to watch the ____ birds feeding in the swamp.
a. Color
b. Colored
c. Colorful
d. Coloring
Jawaban : C
15. Most of the major banks in the city have recently implemented ……. Changes in their hiring policies.
a. significance
b. significantly
c. signify
d. significant
Jawaban : D
16. Awards for perfect ……. Were given out at the annual dinner.
a. attendant
b. attendance
c. attending
d. attentive
Jawaban : A
17. The student decided to study…………than before
a. hard
b. harder
c. hardly
d. hardest
Jawaban : B
18. My sister was very. . .when she was promoted to be the sales manager
a. surprise
b. surprised
c. suprises
d. suprising
19. The product’s formula has been patented in many countries.
A. Special C.Specially
B. Especial D. Especially
Jawaban : A
20. What is the ... of this table , do you know?
a. Heavy
b. Weight
c. Weigh
d. Weighing
e. Heaviness
Jawaban : B
21. Her ... caused all the men in the village to admire her.
a. Beautiful
b. Beauty
c. Beautify
d. Beautifully
e. Beautics
Jawaban : B
22. The newspaper ... is usually between tre or four o’clock.
a. Delivery
b. Deliver
c. Delivered
d. Delivering
e. Deliverence
Jawaban : A
23. It is a ... to meet you Mrs. Anna.
a. Pleasure
b. Please
c. Pleasant
d. Pleasing
e. Pleased
Jawaban : A
24. Do yu know the ... between those two words?
a. Different
b. Difference
c. Differ
d. Differenciate
e. Differs
Jawaban : B
25. If you are impolite to a person, you should make ... .
a. An appointment
b. An excuse
c. An apologize
d. An apology
e. An allowance
Jawaban : D
Dapatlan latihan soal Derivation lengkap dengan kunci jawabannya di:
Latihan Soal Derivative Beserta Pembahasannya
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